Control of trains



March 26, 1929. A. R. ANGUS CONTROL OF TRAINS Original Filed June 17.1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 irE/vra/e Patented Mar. 26, 1929.

UNITED STATES ARTHUR REGINALD ANGUS, OF WESTMINSTER, ENGLAND.

vCONTROL OF TRAINS.

Uriginal application filed June 17, 1922, Serial No. 569,125, and inGreat Britain February 12, 1920;

Divided and this application filed The invention forming thesubject-matter of the present application for Letters Patent, which is adivision of my application iorlietters Patent Serial No. 569,125 filed17th June 1922, relates to electrical traiii-controlling apparatus andincludes the various features set out in the clain'iing clauses hereof.

'llheinvention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings of which Fig.1 is a diagrainmatic representation of electrical apparatus carried by atrain and Fig. 2 1s diagrammatic representation illustrating amodification of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. 1 l

i-i ternating current from the means external to the train-tor exampletrack rails or a special conductorinduces corresponding alternatingcurrent 111511 induction device 1 1) which, if contacts 3 and 12 carriedby but insulated from a switch arm 4 adapted to be in one or the otherof two different positions in accordance with the direction 5r runningotthe train (as by being connected with the reversing gear of thelocomotive) are in contact with contacts 5 and 11 respectively (thereversing gear of the locomotive being set say for the down journey),flows by way of a wire 2, the

contacts?) and 5, and a wire 6 to a coil 7, thence by way of a wire 10,the contacts 11 and 12, and a wire 13 back to the induction device 1; acondenser 7 acrnss the wires .6 and lOasshown is oi such value as torender this circuit resonant at a frequency corresponding to the:l'requeucy ot the inducing alternating curront-for cxan'uile, afrequency of six cycles per second-supplicd for the purpose enahling atrain lo proceed on the down ]ourncy. llhe coil 7 is pivoted between thepoles 8 and 9 of a permanent magnet so as to be oscillatable by theinduced alternating current and when oscillated by current of theresonant frequency, an arm 21 fixed to the coil 7 and carrying aninsulatcd contact 22, causes the latter to make contact alternately withcontacts 23' and 24,

so that current flows alternately from a generator 25 byway of (a) wires26, 27, 2S, and 29, V thence by way of wires 31., 33, and 34, thecontacts 23 and 22, wires 35, 36, and 37 back to the generator 25, and(5) the wires 26, 27 and 38, and a wire 59 to an elcctrir the value ofeach of which 3 connected the generator 25.

to an electrolnagnet 30, and

May 22, 1925. Serial No. 32,004.

magnet 40, and thence by way of wires 41, 43, and 44, the contacts 24and 22, and the wires 35, 36, and 37 back to the generator 25. Theclectron'iagnets and 40 are rendered slow-acting by being shunted withnoninductive resistances 32 and 42 respectively, is such that thearmatures 47 and 51 of the clectromagnets 30 and 40 are held againsttheir respective contacts 48 and 50 as long as the coil 7 continues tooscillate at a suitable speed; consequently current flows from thegenerator 25 by way of the wire 26, wires 45 and 46, the armature 47,the contact 48, a wire 49, the contact 50, the armature 51, wires 52 and53 to an electroniagnet 54, thence by way of wires 55, 57, and 58 andthe wire 37, back to the generator 25. The elcctromagnet 54 is alsorendered slow-acting by being shunted with a non-inductive resistance56, the value of which is equal to or approximately equal to that of thecoil of the clectro nagnet 54. The energization of the electromagnet 54causes its armature 60 to make contact with a contact 61 and a circuitis thus completed from the generator 25 to an electromagnet 63 which isadapted when energized to prevent its armature 65 which constantly tendsto cause the production of a warning operation or a stepping operationon the train from causing the production of a warning operation or astopping operation, the current flowing from the generator byway oi thewires 26 and 45, a wire 59, the armature 60, the contact (31, and a wire62 to the electromagnet 63, thence by way oi? wires (34 and 58, and thewire 37 back to Thus the restraint of the iiro'duction oil a warningoperation or a stop ping operation is effected on the train as long asthe coil 7 continues to oscillate, which will be the case as long as thecircuit of the coil 7 receives alternating current of the trequencyforwhich it is resonant.

If the reversing gear of the train is set for the up journey the switcharm 4 is in the position in whichits insulated contacts 3 and-12 makecontact with contacts 20 and 14 respectively but not with the contacts 5and 11 respectively and the restraint of the production of a. warningoperation or a stopping operation is effected correspondingly on thetrain it the alternating current supplied to the t "ain from meansexternal thereto isiof' the .freqnency for enablin a, In theexampleshowrr in Fig.1 there are I train to proceed on the' up journey;this requency differs from that used for the-down j urney and mayfon-examplc, besoneaof;

eight cycles per second. For the up journey ofa train the currentinduced in t-h'ei'nduc end elfiev b wa effi ew r git-ha contacts 3and'20, a nd a wire 19to a co l 1C thence byway of awire 15; thecontacts 14 and 12V, and a wire 13 back to the induction. 7 e i e e sendret nee e we s he 423 3. 5 and. a h im' echa.

value as to give this circuit a resonan't free quencyj corresponding tothe frequency of the inducing alternat ng current suppl ed;

for, the w purpose of enabling .a train to' pro,- ceed ontheuppjourney,The coil 16 is pivoted'between' thepoles 17 and18;.ot a v permanentmagnet so as to'beoscillatable by the induced alternating current andwhen oscillated by. currentof the resonant. fre:

quency ,an armf 66, fixedto the. coil 16 and i carrying. an ms'iilatedcontact67, causes the V latter .to make contact alternately with. contnet 1 to h lect omag ets u 0 inn-manner similarto thatdescribedwithtacts, .68 69, so that current is supplied reference to thehdownjourney, wires 71, 7G and .72 for the. up journey. correspondingrespectivelytoathe wires j 35, stander for. v .the down .journey, a-ndconsequcntly-thehrestraint of a Warningoperati-onor a stoppingoperation. is effected on the train .in a manner similar to I thatdescribed for the down jour y If tlie resonant .-f1'ei1nency of thecircuit to] which the induction device l is connected by I the. switch.4 different from the. freq eney it: the d e e lter ati g.

rentf-i. e iifthe train-is not set for running. 1 in.the direction inwhich it is intended that 'it should runthecoil; 7 or 16 as the casemaybe does not oscillate .so asto enable its 7 contact 22101167 tQII l ake contact alternately with-.contactS .23 and 24 or.with contacts..68;.and 69,- respectively, so that the produc-. tion of a Warningoperation or a-stopping operationg is not restrained on the train,

; The restraint ofthe productioncf awarn-.

ing operation ora stopping operation is not effectedon the train if'the'arm 21 01-66011:-

the coil 7 or 16 whichever is in circuit with the induction device. 1remains steady either (a) midwaylbetweendts respective contacts or (b)infcont-act with-either one of them since in case (a)ineit her of.-;the,electromag ts. wand. 4Qwil be en rgize-d and inicase (6) only oneof theelectromagnetsg-SO and 4Q Will be energized, the restraint only being.efi'ected, whenithe ,arm 21 r.:66as the. case, may be oscillates at.the. irequency; for. which.

the circuit,of ;its coil 7 013.16 vis.made;:reso:

nant, so as. alternatelyto make contact with.

1 5 its {respectiveicontacts .asahereinbefore described.

duction device 1: alternately according to the direction of travel ofthe train by the switclr arm 4 and have respective inductancesandcapacity devices 73 and 7 4 adapted forattuningto the two frequenciesemployed. According to the modification illustrated by Fig. 2, there maybe asingle polarizedrelay 87, 88, 89 and the switch arm 4..be, adaptedto inclu'gle in-circuit with the relay and the device 1 one or the olhcrof two means as condensers.90 and Jlof ditferentcapacities, adapted toattunc ihc circuit; of the relay toone or the other of the twofrequencies according to the direction of travel of thet-rain. As shownin Fig. 2, theswitch arm fl is adapted when the train is travellinginoncfdireotion to cause the contact 3;-toibe\in contact with a contart95 andacontact 92 carried by the switch arm ibutinsulated therefrom tobe in contact with contacts 93 and 94 and thus to include thecondenser90 in circuit parallelly with the relayand the device 1, and when thetrain .is travelling in the. op osite direction tocause the contact 3 tobe in contactwith acontact-98 andv the contact 92 to be in conactowithjcontacts 96 and 97 and thus to include the. condenser 91 parallelly incircuit with the relay, and. the device l.-

Inorder. to prevent the armature 65 from beingtampered wit-h after-ithas assumed its dangerrposition (after, it may be, it has opened.thebrake pipe) and in order. nevertheless that the driver. may beautomatically enabled to restart the train wheirit is again satisfactoryfor the train to proceed the armature 65 and anypart whereby it could beoperated by aloca-l source is enclosed, as shown in broken lines on Fig.1, in a locked box and means are provided for ensuring that when thearmatureis in a danger posi' tion it will bcin such. a position as to beattracted into a line-clear position by its magnet. (in whichit willclose the previously opened brake pipe).

In thecaseof the example of apparatus shownin Fig. 1 and themodification thereof illustrated by Fig. 2 it should be arrangedthat-the coils of the polarized relays (Fig. 1) or the coil of thepolarized relay (Fig. should not be adapted to be oscillated as theresult of the vibration of the train at a speed suitable formaintainingthe .energizution of the slow-acting electrolnagnets 30 and 40.

The. induct-ion device 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) is diagrammatically representedas a single coil only but in. order to obtain the best resultsthereshould be placed on the locomotive and also if required on a vehicle orvehicles attachedthereto a number of coils which may extend all alongthe. locomotive and should be placed as close as practicable lit) to thetrack rails and/or a conductor ar-V ranged close thereto and of courseon both sides of the locomotive if the rails on both sides of the trackare to be employed.

Conductive means such as one or more than one brush, contacting device,or shoe, may be placed on the locomotive and also if required on avehicle or vehicles attached thereto so as to be in contact with trackrails and/or one or more than one axle and/or with wheels or withspecial conductor ad jacent to the track rails whereby current may bereceived conductively by the train apparatus and effects and operationsmay be thereby produced on the train after the manner hereinbeforedescribed.

l l hen the invention to be used in con nection with electric trains, ifcontinuous imidirectional current is used for propulsion, alternating orpulsating unidirectional current may be used for the train-con trollingcurrent; and if alternating or pulsating unidirectional current is usedfor propulsion, alternating or pulsating unidireo tional current of afreqi'lency or frequencies different from that used liurpropulsion maybe used for the train-controlliiur current; and any known means may beemployed for preventing or limiting interference between the propulsioncurrent and the currents used for the purposes of this invention. Exceptin the cases in which a special con (luctor adjacent to the track isemployed for the purposes of this invention in lieu of traclrrails, thecurrent or currents supplied to the train for the purposes of thisinvention is or are preferably supplied by means of transformers orinduction coils preferably at higher voltage or voltages than thepropulsion current.

hat I claim is l. lillectrical t ai1rcontrolling apparatus comprising ona train oscillatory means adapted to he oscillated when suitablyenergized and when so oscillated to give clearaucc to said train and adircction-corrospending: part adapted to occupy two different p sitionsaccording to opposite directions of running of said train and adapted ineach of said two positions to cause said mediator-y means to beresponsive to at current of a frequency not suitable for the onergimtionof said oscillatory means in the case of the occupation of the other ofsaid two positions by said direction-correspondinc; part.

2. Electrical train-controlling apparatus coinpriing on a train anoscillatory means adapted when suitably energized to have its movableportion oscillated and by suitable osci lations of said movable portionto give clearance to said train and a direction-corresponding partadapted to occupy two different positions according to oppositedirections of running of said train and adapted each of'said twopositions to include in each of said two positions to include saidoscillatory means in a circuitof such resonaucc as to enable saidoscillatory means to be slilitably energized by a current of a frequencynot suitable for the cnergiinition of i'itid oscillatory means in thecase of the occupation of the other of said two positions by saiddirection-corresponding part.

Electrical traincontrolling apparatus cranprising on a train ancl*ctromagnetic controlling means adapted when effectually energized torestrain the production of a dan go r-indi cat ing means adapted whensuitably euergizcdto have its movable portion lllatcd means adapted tocause said eloctromaguetic controlling means to be effectually ener izedonly by the continued oscillation"of said movable portioin and adirection-cures 10nd ing part adapted to occupy two different positionsaccording to opposite directions of running of said train and adapted inoscillatory means in a circuit of such re onance as to enable saidoscillatory means to be suitably energized by a current of a fre quencynot suitable for the energization of said oscillatory means in the caseof the occupation of the other of said two positions by saiddirection-corresponding part.

4. Electrical train-controlling apparatus comprising on a train anelectromagnetic controlling means, two slow-acting relays adapted, onlywhen. both are continuously effectually energized, to cause thecontinuous energization of said electromagnetic controlling means, anoscillatory means adapted when suitably energized to have its 1novableportion oscillated and by sufficiently rapid successivesemi-oscillations of said movable portion to cause energy to be impairod to said slow-acting relays alteriultcly sullicicntly rapidly tocause them both to be continuously olljectually one ed and adil'GClll()lhUUlfl'Ull])(llltllilg part adapted to occupy two differentpositions according to om osite directions o E running); of willll trainand adapted in each of said two po. 'ons t include said oscillatorymeans in a circuit of such resonance to enable said oscillatory means tobe suitably eiiergized by a current of a frequency not suitable for theencrgization of said oscillatory means in the case of the occupation ofthe other of said two positions by said direction-corrcsponding part.

5. Electrical train-controlling ap niratus comprising on a train anelectromagnetic controlling; means, a first slow-acting relay adapted,when continuously effectual ly enorgizcd, to cause the continuousencrgzjization of said elec'troina gnetic cont-rolling; meals, a secondslow-acting relay anda third slowacting relay adapted, only when bothare continuously effectually energised, to cause the continuoi'lseffectual encrgization of said operation an oscillatory llfl lit)

firstisloweacting relay, and an'oscillatory' means adapted vto have itsmovable portion oscillated by electricity passing, through saidoscillatory means and by sufficiently rapid successive semi-oscillationsof said movable portion to cause energy to be imparted to said: secondand third slow-acting relays alternatelyvsufiiciently rapidly to causethem bot-h to; be continuously effectually ener- "gized.

- portion oscillated and bysufiiciently rapid successivesemi-oscillations of said movable portion to bringcsaidslow-acting'relays alternately into circuit sufficiently rapidly tocause them both to bencontinuonsly effectually energized, andza Ydirection-correspond- 'ing partadapted to occupy two dilferent positionsaccordingto opposite directions of running of said train and adapted ineach oi said two positions to include said oscillatory means in acircuit ofisuch resonance as to eliable said oscillatory means to besuitably energized by'a current of a frequency not suitable for theenergization of said oscillatory means iii-the case'ofthe oecupation'otthe other of said two positions bysaid direcnon-corresponding part.

7J1 Electrical train-controlling apparatus comprising on. a train anelectromagnetic controlling means, a first'sloW-acting. relayl(l1pt(5d,-'Wl18I1 continuously effectually energized; to cause thecontinuousenergization of said electromagnetic controlling means, asecond slow-actingv relay and a third slow-acting relay adapted, onlywhen bot-h are continuously effectually;energized,

-V to cause thecontinuons etlectual energizalion of said firstvslow-acting 'reilay,'--and an oscillatory meansadapted tohave itsmovable'portion oscillated by electricity passing through saidoscillatory means and by sufiiciently rapid successive semi-oscillationsof said movable-portion to'bring said seeond'and third slow-actingrelays alternately into; circuit sufficiently rapidly to cause them bothto he continuously-ellectr u ally energized. j Y

8; Electrical train-controlling apparatus comprising; on a trainanelectromagnetic controllingmeans, slow-acting relaying means adaptedonly when given electrical impulses with sufficient rapidity to causethe continuous energiz'ation of said electromagnetic =controlling means,and an oscil-= latory means' adapted ,to have its movable' portionoscillatedby f electricity passing through said oscillatory means andonly. by the oscillation of-said movable portion to give to saidrelaying'means electrical impulses as required to cause the continuousenergization of said controlling means.

9. Electrical train-controllin;g apparatus comprising on a train anelectromagnetic controlling means, slow-merinorelaying means adaptedonly when regularly alternately ciose-circuited and opcn-circuiled withsuilicient rapidity to cause the continuous er rgizai'ion ol. saidelectromagnetic cont-rol ing means, and an oscillatory means adapted tohave its movable portion oscillated by cl ctricity passing through saidoscillatory means and by the oscillation of said movable portion toclose-circuit and open-circuit said relaying: means alternately asrequired to cause the continuous energization oisail controlling means.

10. Electrical train-controlling apparatus comprising one train anelectromagnetic controlling means, two slow-acting relaysadaptedfonlywhen both are continuously effectually energized, to causethe continuous energization of said elmrtromugnetic controlling means,receiving means arranged to be electrically energizable from withoutsaid train, and an oscillatory means adapted. to have its movableportion oscillated only by the'passage of low frequency current throughsaid receiving means and by suiiiciently rapid successivesemi-oscillations of said movable portion to cause energy to be impartedto said slow-acting relays alternately sntficiently rapidly to causethem both to be continuously eifectually energized.

11. Electrical train-controllin apparatus comprising, on a train anelectromagnetic controlling means, tu'o slow-action relays adapted, onlywhen both are continuously eilectually energized, to cause thecontinuous cnergization of said elecl'rimnurnetic COlll'l Olllllg means,rcceiving means arranged to be electrically energizable from Withoutsaid train, and an oscillatory means adapted to have its movable portionoscillated only by thepassace of low frequency current through saidreceiving means and by sullieiently rapid successive semi-oscillations.of said movable portion to bring said slow-acting relays alternatelyinto circuit sufficiently rapidly to cause them both tobe continuouslyeiiectually energized.

12. In train control system, a polarized relay, two contacts, anarnnitnreon said polarizcdrelay alternately closing'said contacts, aslow-actingrelay controlled by each oi said contacts, and a set ofrelays jointly controlled by said slow-acting relays. U

Signed at New York city, N. Y., this 19th day of May, 192:").

ARTHUR REGINALD ANGUS.

Ill?)

